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- sl:arxiv_author :
- sl:arxiv_firstAuthor : Gautier Izacard
- sl:arxiv_num : 2112.09118
- sl:arxiv_published : 2021-12-16T18:57:37Z
- sl:arxiv_summary : Information retrieval is an important component in natural language
processing, for knowledge intensive tasks such as question answering and fact
checking. Recently, information retrieval has seen the emergence of dense
retrievers, based on neural networks, as an alternative to classical sparse
methods based on term-frequency. These models have obtained state-of-the-art
results on datasets and tasks where large training sets are available. However,
they do not transfer well to new domains or applications with no training data,
and are often outperformed by term-frequency methods such as BM25 which are not
supervised. Thus, a natural question is whether it is possible to train dense
retrievers without supervision. In this work, we explore the limits of
contrastive learning as a way to train unsupervised dense retrievers, and show
that it leads to strong retrieval performance. More precisely, we show on the
BEIR benchmark that our model outperforms BM25 on 11 out of 15 datasets.
Furthermore, when a few thousands examples are available, we show that
fine-tuning our model on these leads to strong improvements compared to BM25.
Finally, when used as pre-training before fine-tuning on the MS-MARCO dataset,
our technique obtains state-of-the-art results on the BEIR benchmark.@en
- sl:arxiv_title : Towards Unsupervised Dense Information Retrieval with Contrastive Learning@en
- sl:arxiv_updated : 2021-12-16T18:57:37Z
- sl:bookmarkOf : https://arxiv.org/abs/2112.09118
- sl:creationDate : 2021-12-21
- sl:creationTime : 2021-12-21T11:26:40Z
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