Semanlink - Unsupervised machine learning ; Arxiv Doc AND NLP@Meta

[2310.01352] RA-DIT: Retrieval-Augmented Dual Instruction Tuning

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2023-10-07 About

[2305.07185] MEGABYTE: Predicting Million-byte Sequences with Multiscale Transformers

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2023-07-01 About

[2303.14177] Scaling Expert Language Models with Unsupervised Domain Discovery

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2023-03-27 About

[2212.09741] One Embedder, Any Task: Instruction-Finetuned Text Embeddings

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2023-02-17 About

[2302.04761] Toolformer: Language Models Can Teach Themselves to Use Tools

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> Toolformer, **a model
trained to decide which APIs to call, when to
call them, what arguments to pass, and how to
best incorporate the results into future token
prediction**.

> fulfills the
following desiderata:
> - The use of tools should be learned in a
self-supervised way without requiring large
amounts of human annotations
>- The LM should be able to decide for itself when
and how to use which tool.

> Approach based
on the recent idea of using large LMs with incontext
learning (Brown et al., 2020) to generate
entire datasets from scratch.
>
> Given just a handful of human-written examples
of how an API can be used, 
> - we let a LM annotate
a huge language modeling dataset with potential
API calls. 
> - We then use a self-supervised loss to
determine which of these API calls actually help
the model in predicting future tokens. 
>- Finally, we
finetune the LM itself on the API calls that it considers
useful.

[Jay Hack @mathemagic1an sur twitter](https://twitter.com/mathemagic1an/status/1624870248221663232):

> from a small seed set of human inputs (essentially demonstrating usage of APIs), the training set for this behavior is generated by the LLM itself.
> 
> So what does this mean? We've found a promising way to tightly integrate arbitrary APIs with our best-performing models.

2023-02-13 About

[1904.04458] Knowledge-Augmented Language Model and its Application to Unsupervised Named-Entity Recognition

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Knowledge Augmented
Language Model (KALM)

a language
model with access to information available in a
KB, no assumptions
about the availability of additional components
(such as Named Entity Taggers) or annotations

> While classes of
named entities (e.g., person or location) occur frequently,
each individual name (e.g, Atherton or
Zhouzhuang) may be observed infrequently even
in a very large corpus of text. As a result language
models learn to represent accurately only the most
popular named entities

> knowing that Alice is a name
used to refer to a person should give ample information
about the context in which the word may
occur (e.g., Bob visited Alice).

> ---

> extends a traditional **RNN LM**

> we enhance a traditional LM with a
gating mechanism that controls whether a particular
word is modeled as a general word or as a reference
to an entity
>
> We train the model end-to-end
with only the traditional predictive language modeling
perplexity objective
>
> KALM is trained end-to-end using
a predictive objective on large corpus of text.

> To the best of our knowledge, KALM is the first
unsupervised neural NER approach.

> KALM extends a traditional, RNN-based neural
LM.

2022-08-31 About

[2208.03299] Few-shot Learning with Retrieval Augmented Language Model

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2022-08-08 About

[2005.11401] Retrieval-Augmented Generation for Knowledge-Intensive NLP Tasks

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2022-01-19 About

[2112.09118] Towards Unsupervised Dense Information Retrieval with Contrastive Learning

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2021-12-21 About

[1906.04980] Unsupervised Question Answering by Cloze Translation

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2021-12-08 About

[1901.04085] Passage Re-ranking with BERT

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2021-03-26 About

[2012.04584] Distilling Knowledge from Reader to Retriever for Question Answering

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> a method to train an information retrieval module for downstream tasks, **without using pairs of queries and documents as annotations**.

Uses two models (standard pipeline for open-domain QA):

- the first one retrieves documents from a large source of knowledge (the retriever)
- the second one processes the support documents to solve the task (the reader).

> First the retriever selects support passages in a large knowledge
source. Then these passages are processed by the reader, along with the question, to generate an
answer

Inspired by knowledge distillation: the reader model is the teacher and the retriever is the student.

> More precisely, we use a sequence-to-sequence model as the reader, and use
the attention activations over the input documents as synthetic labels to train the retriever. 
> (**train the retriever by learning to approximate the attention score of the reader**)

Refers to:

- [REALM: Retrieval-Augmented Language Model Pre-Training](doc:2020/12/2002_08909_realm_retrieval_a)
- [Dehghani: Neural Ranking Models with Weak Supervision](doc:?uri=https%3A%2F%2Farxiv.org%2Fabs%2F1704.08803)

2020-12-11 About

[2010.00402] From Trees to Continuous Embeddings and Back: Hyperbolic Hierarchical Clustering

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